数智赋能背景下智能建造虚拟仿真实验教学体系的构建与实践

摘要

在国家教育数字化战略和新工科建设的双重驱动下，智能建造领域对高素质复合型人才的需求日益迫切。本文以辽宁科技大学智能建造虚拟仿真实验教学中心为研究对象，基于建构主义学习理论、体验式学习理论和认知负荷理论，系统阐述了数智技术赋能背景下智能建造虚拟仿真实验教学体系的设计理念、构建路径与实践成效。该中心立足建筑行业智能化转型升级需求，依托虚拟现实（VR）、人工智能（AI）、数字孪生、大数据与互联网等技术，构建了“一体化、多维度、模块化”的虚拟仿真实验教学体系，实现了建造智能化过程中“勘、测、建、环”四个实践维度的有机融合。体系涵盖6个模块化实验教学项目，形成了虚实结合、校企协同、理工管交叉的教学特色。实践表明，该体系有效解决了传统实验教学中高成本、高消耗、高危险等难题，显著提升了学生的实践能力、创新思维与工程素养，为应用型本科高校智能建造类专业虚拟仿真实验教学改革提供了可资借鉴的理论支撑与实践路径。

Abstract

Driven by the national education digitalization strategy and the emerging engineering education reform, the demand for high-quality compound talents in the field of intelligent construction has become increasingly urgent. Taking the Intelligent Construction Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching Center as the research object, this paper systematically expounds the design concept and construction path of the system. Centering on the transformation needs of the construction industry, the center leverages VR, AI, digital twin, big data and Internet technologies to construct an integrated, multi-dimensional and modular virtual simulation experimental teaching system. Practice has shown that the system effectively addresses high cost, high consumption and high risk challenges, improving students practical ability and innovative thinking.

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