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当前位置：人文与社会科学学刊 > 2026年8月-2卷8期 > 文章详情

Open Access Article

罗马埃及行省治理与犹太人结构性困境

Roman Rule in Egypt and the Structural Plight of the Jews

作者：王佃玉，王丙宜

单位：山东师范大学历史文化学院、商丘工学院马克思主义学院

基金项目：国家社会科学基金一般项目“罗马帝国埃及行省治理模式研究”（21BSS047）

卷期：2026年8月-2卷8期

通讯作者：王佃玉

DOI：10.70693/202607188278

页码：194-199

发布时间：2026-08-06

总浏览量：265

摘要

罗马帝国对埃及行省的统治是帝国行省统治的经典范例。本文以埃及犹太人的困境为切入点，审视罗马帝国的统治模式。在托勒密王朝时期，犹太人是王室中一支受信任的中层力量，享有军事、经济和司法特权。罗马征服后，他们的地位发生了根本性的转变，引发了数次大规模冲突。罗马帝国对埃及行省的统治并非仅仅依靠军事征服和暴力镇压，而是通过重建社会等级制度、改革财政和税收体系以及统一司法系统来实现的。这些机制有着共同的潜在逻辑：帝国以个人流动的承诺取代了对集体特权的认可，吸纳了行省精英，同时瓦解了族群社群，确保所有资源最终都流向帝国中心。犹太人的结构性困境，正是其所属共同体在宗教与律法的结合点上，拒绝了帝国治理模式核心交换条件的结果。

关键词

罗马帝国；埃及行省；犹太人；治理模式；身份等级

Abstract

The Roman rule of Egypt is considered a classic example of imperial provincial rule. This paper examines the Roman Empire’s ruling model by focusing on Egyptian Jews. During the Ptolemaic dynasty, Jews were a trusted middle-class force within the royal court, enjoying military, economic, and judicial privileges. After the Roman conquest, their status underwent a fundamental transformation, triggering several large-scale conflicts. The Roman rule of Egypt was not solely based on military conquest and violent repression, but rather on the reconstruction of social hierarchies, reform of the fiscal and tax system, and unification of the judicial system. These mechanisms share a common underlying logic: the empire replaced the recognition of collective privileges with a promise of individual mobility, absorbing provincial elites while simultaneously dismantling ethnic communities, ensuring that all resources ultimately flowed to the imperial center. The structural predicament of the Jews was a result of their community’s rejection of the core exchange conditions of the imperial governance model at the intersection of religion and law.

Keywords

Roman Empire; province of Egypt; Jews; governance model; social hierarchy

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引用本文

王佃玉，王丙宜. 罗马埃及行省治理与犹太人结构性困境[J]. 人文与社会科学学刊. 2026, 2 (8): 194-199. DOI: 10.70693/202607188278.

APA引用

王佃玉, 王丙宜. (2026). 罗马埃及行省治理与犹太人结构性困境. 人文与社会科学学刊, 2 (8), 194-199. https://doi.org/10.70693/202607188278

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